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Text on a curve swift publisher
Text on a curve swift publisher












The initial effective stress–strain curve can be determined using a well-known hardening function to match the experimental true stress–strain curve at the pre-necking range. Therefore, metallic materials’ post-necking behavior describes the relation between stress and strain beyond the uniform strain, which has recently been widely studied. However, in real manufacturing, many forming processes exceed the uniform strain achieved in the uniaxial tensile test. This test provides the relation between stress and strain until the fracture occurs. Conventionally, the stress–strain curve is experimentally determined by the uniaxial tensile test. Three significant characteristics are required to study sheet metal forming processes: the stress–strain curve, yielding behavior, and flow rule theory. This can be achieved by improving the design and calculation methods and better controlling the parameter of the deformation processes, which should be based on a deeper knowledge of the phenomena that accompany a material’s deformation and the relation between the deformed material’s properties and the condition of deformation. The correct incremental stress–strain curve was determined when the force prediction was in good agreement with the experiment.Īn important goal of the metal forming processes is the production of defect-free parts with the desired microstructure and properties.

TEXT ON A CURVE SWIFT PUBLISHER TRIAL

The incremental stress–strain curve was calculated using the β parameter, which was systematically assigned to adjust the trial stress at each strain increment of the FEM process.

text on a curve swift publisher

Then, FEM simulation by ABAQUS/Explicit was performed using the incremental stress–strain curve, accompanied by Hill’s 1948 yield behavior. In the incremental sheet forming experiment, the forming force was monitored in the whole process until fracture.

text on a curve swift publisher

In this study, the inverse method using incremental sheet forming coupled with FEM simulation was used to calibrate the stress–strain curve up to a large strain range. Nevertheless, the accuracy of this flow curve in the extrapolation range is questionable. The stress–strain curve in the post-necking range is determined using common hardening equations, such as the Swift or Voce equation. Conventionally, a stress–strain curve for sheet materials is defined by the uniaxial tensile test however, it is limited by the necking phenomena.












Text on a curve swift publisher